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What is .NET Framework?
.NET Framework is a complete environment that allows developers to develop, run, and deploy the following applications: Console applications Windows Forms applications Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications Web applications (ASP.NET applications) Web services Windows services Service-oriented applications using Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) Workflow-enabled applications using Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) .NET Framework also enables a developer to create sharable components to be used in distributed computing architecture. .NET Framework supports the object-oriented programming model for multiple languages, such as Visual Basic, Visual C#, and Visual C++. .NET Framework supports multiple programming languages in a manner that allows language interoperability. This implies that each language can use the code written in some other language.
What are the main components of .NET Framework?
.NET Framework provides enormous advantages to software developers in comparison to the advantages provided by other platforms. Microsoft has united various modern as well as existing technologies of software development in .NET Framework. These technologies are used by developers to develop highly efficient applications for modern as well as future business needs. The following are the key components of .NET Framework: .NET Framework Class Library Common Language Runtime Dynamic Language Runtimes (DLR) Application Domains Runtime Host Common Type System Metadata and Self-Describing Components Cross-Language Interoperability .NET Framework Security Profiling Side-by-Side Execution
List the new features added in .NET Framework 4.0?
The following are the new features of .NET Framework 4.0: Improved Application Compatibility and Deployment Support Dynamic Language Runtime Managed Extensibility Framework Parallel Programming framework Improved Security Model Networking Improvements Improved Core ASP.NET Services Improvements in WPF 4 Improved Entity Framework (EF) Integration between WCF and WF
What is an IL?
Intermediate Language is also known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) or CIL (Common Intermediate Language). All .NET source code is compiled to IL. IL is then converted to machine code at the point where the software is installed, or at run-time by a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.
What is Manifest?
Assembly metadata is stored in Manifest. Manifest contains all the metadata needed to do the following things: Version of assembly Security identity Scope of the assembly Resolve references to resources and classes The assembly manifest can be stored in a PE file either an .exe or .dll with Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) code or in a stand-alone PE file, that contains only assembly manifest information.
What is VB.NET?
VB.Net is a windows based programming language.It supports oops concept.
What are all the parts of .Net Framework?
Common Language Runtime .Net Framework Class Library
What is Difference between Namespace and Assembly?
Namespace is a collection of different classes. Whereas an assembly is the basic building blocks of the .net framework.
What is the difference between early binding and late binding?
Calling a non–virtual method, decided at a compile time is known as early binding. Calling a virtual method (Pure Polymorphism), decided at a runtime is known as late binding.
What is Intermediate Langauge?
Microsoft Intermediate Language(MSIL or IL) is the CPU -independent instruction set into which .Net framework programs are compiled. It contains instructions for loading, storing initializing, and calling methods on objects.
What is C#?
C# (pronounced "C sharp") is a simple, modern, object-oriented, and type-safe programming language. It will immediately be familiar to C and C++ programmers. C# combines the high productivity of Rapid Application Development (RAD) languages.
What are the types of comment in C#?
There are 3 types of comments in C#. Single line (//) Multi (/* */) Page/XML Comments (///).
What are the namespaces used in C#.NET?
Namespace is a logical grouping of class. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Windows.Forms;
What are the characteristics of C#?
There are several characteristics of C# are : Simple Type safe Flexible Object oriented Compatible Consistent Interoperable Modern
What are the different categories of inheritance?
Single inheritance : Contains one base class and one derived class. Hierarchical inheritance : Contains one base class and multiple derived classes of the same base class. Multilevel inheritance : Contains a class derived from a derived class. Multiple inheritance : Contains several base classes and a derived class. Hybrid inheritance : is nothing but a any combination of single,multiple and inheritance inheritance. Multiple inheritance class is not possible as it give assembly level error when we use the same name for method. Multiple inheritance in interface is possible.
What is Ado.NET?
ADO.NET is an object-oriented set of libraries that allows you to interact with data sources. ADO.NET is a set of classes that expose data access services to the .NET programmer. ADO.NET is also a part of the .NET Framework. ADO.NET is used to handle data access. ADO.NET is entirely based on XML.
What are the two fundamental objects in ADO.NET?
There are two fundamental objects in ADO.NET. Datareader - connected architecture and Dataset - disconnected architecture.
What are major difference between classic ADO and ADO.NET?
In ADO the in-memory representation of data is the recordset.A Recordset object is used to hold a set of records from a database table. In ADO.NET we have dataset.A DataSet is an in memory representation of data loaded from any data source.
What are the data access namespaces in .NET?
The most common data access namespaces : System.Data System.Data.OleDb System.Data.SQLClient System.Data.SQLTypes System.Data.XML System.Data.LINQ
What is the use of connection object in ado.net?
The ADO Connection Object is used to create an open connection to a data source. Through this connection, you can access and manipulate a database.
What is ASP?
Active Server Pages(ASP), also known as Classic ASP, is a Microsoft’s server side technology, which helps in creating dynamic and user friendly Web pages. It uses different scripting languages to create dynamic Web pages, which can be run on any type of browser.
What is the difference between Classic ASP and ASP.Net?
ASP is Interpreted language based on scripting languages like Jscript or VBScript. ASP has Mixed HTML and coding logic. Limited development and debugging tools available. Limited OOPS support. Limited session and application state management. ASP.Net is supported by compiler and has compiled language support. Separate code and design logic possible. Variety of compilers and tools available including the Visual studio.Net. Completely Object Oriented. Complete session and application state management. Full XML Support for easy data exchange.
What is ASP.NET?
ASP.NET is a server side scripting technology that enables scripts (embedded in web pages) to be executed by an Internet server. ASP.NET is a specification developed by Microsoft to create dynamic Web applications, Web sites and Web services. It is a part of .NET Framework. The ASP.NET compiles the Web Pages and provides much better performance than scripting languages, such as VBScript. The Web Forms support to create powerful forms based Web pages. ASP.NET Web server controls to create interactive Web applications with the help of Web server controls, you can easily create a Web application.
What is a Cookie?
Cookie is a lightweight executable program, which the server posts to client machines. Cookies store the identity of a user at the first visit of the Web site and validate them later of the next visits for their authenticity. The values of a cookie can be transferred between the user’s request and the server’s response
What is the difference between ASP Session State and ASP.Net Session State?
ASP session state relies on cookies, Serialize all requests from a client, does not survive process shutdown, Can not maintained across machines in a Web farm.
What is WCF?
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is an SDK for developing and deploying services on Windows. WCF provides a runtime environment for services, enabling you to expose CLR types as services, and to consume other services as CLR types. WCF is part of .NET 3.0 and requires .NET 2.0, so it can only run on systems that support it. WCF is Microsoft’s unified programming model for building service-oriented applications with managed code. It extends the .NET Framework to enable developers to build secure and reliable transacted Web services that integrate across platforms and interoperate with existing investments. Windows Communication Foundation combines and extends the capabilities of existing Microsoft distributed systems technologies, including Enterprise Services, System.Messaging, Microsoft .NET Remoting, ASMX, and WSE to deliver a unified development experience across multiple axes, including distance (cross-process, cross- machine, cross-subnet, cross-intranet, cross-Internet), topologies (farms, fire-walled, content-routed, dynamic), hosts (ASP.NET, EXE, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows Forms, NT Service, COM+), protocols (TCP, HTTP, cross-process, custom), and security models (SAML, Kerberos, X509, username/password, custom).
What is Windows card space?
Windows card space is a central part of Microsoft's effort to create an identify met system, or a unified, secure and interoperable identify layer for the internet.
What are the main components of WCF?
There are three main components of WCF: Service class Hosting environment End point
What are the advantages of hosting WCF Services in IIS as compared to self hosting?
There are two main advantages of using IIS over self hosting. Automatic activation Process recycling
What is .NET 3.0?
In one simple equation .NET 3.0 = .NET 2.0 + Windows Communication Foundation + Windows Presentation Foundation + Windows Workflow Foundation + Windows Card Space.
What is WPF?
WPF is an abbreviation for Windows Presentation Foundation. It’s a set of .NET assemblies and supporting tools. It’s intended to provide a unified API for creating rich, sophisticated user interfaces on Windows XP and Windows Vista.
What are the types sibling libraries in WPF?
There are three types of sibling libraries of WPF are : WCF WF CardSpace
What is the use of cardspace?
CardSpace provides a common identification system that can be used by desktop applications,web sites, and more.
What is XAML?
XAML (pronounced as Zammel) is a declarative XML-based language by which you can define object and properties in XML. XAML document is loaded by a XAML parser. XAML parser instantiates objects and set there properties. XAML describes objects, properties and there relation in between them. Using XAML, you can create any kind of objects that means graphical or non-graphical.
What is the benefit of using a markup language for designing a user interface
Using a markup language such as XAML, or even HTML, is beneficial because it provides a common medium for both designers and developers. Additionally, the markup language allows for a declarative approach for building applications, which is often easier to construct and maintain.
What is LINQ?
It stands for Language Integrated Query. LINQ is collection of standard query operators that provides the query facilities into .NET framework language like C# , VB.NET.
Why can not datareader by returned from a Web Services Method?
Because, it is not serializable
What is the extension of the file, when LINQ to SQL is used?
The extension of the file is .dbml
How LINQ is beneficial than Stored Procedures?
There are couple of advantage of LINQ over stored procedures. 1. Debugging - It is really very hard to debug the Stored procedure but as LINQ is part of .NET, you can use visual studio's debugger to debug the queries. 2. Deployment - With stored procedures, we need to provide an additional script for stored procedures but with LINQ everything gets complied into single DLL hence deployment becomes easy. 3. Type Safety - LINQ is type safe, so queries errors are type checked at compile time. It is really good to encounter an error when compiling rather than runtime exception!
What is a Lambda expression?
A Lambda expression is nothing but an Anonymous Function, can contain expressions and statements. Lambda expressions can be used mostly to create delegates or expression tree types. Lambda expression uses lambda operator => and read as 'goes to' operator. Left side of this operator specifies the input parameters and contains the expression or statement block at the right side. Example: myExp = myExp/10; Now, let see how we can assign the above to a delegate and create an expression tree: delegate int myDel(int intMyNum); static void Main(string[] args) { //assign lambda expression to a delegate: myDel myDelegate = myExp => myExp / 10; int intRes = myDelegate(110); Console.WriteLine("Output {0}", intRes); Console.ReadLine(); //Create an expression tree type //This needs System.Linq.Expressions Expression myExpDel = myExp => myExp /10;}
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